Grinding machinery



Feb. 25, 1936. s. ENSTEN ET 2,032,268

GRINDING MACHINERY Filed June 26, 1929 l1 Sheets-Sheet` l dum M.,

Feb. 25, 1936.

S. lEINSTEIN ET AL GRINDING MACHINERY Filed June 26, 1929 ll Sheets-Sheet 2 Feb. 25, 1936. s. E|NSTE|N ET AL 2,032,268

GRINDING MACHINERY Filed June 26, 1929 11 Sheets-Sheet 5 Feb. 25, 1936. s. EINSTEIN Er AL 2,032,268

GRINDING MACHINERY Filed June 26, 1929 11 sheets-sheet 4 Wi @ff Feb. 25, 1936. SEINSTEIN ETAL 2,032,268

GRINDING MACHINERY Filed June 2s, 1929 11 sheets-sheet 5 i v (hbox we Feb. 25, 1936. s. E|NsTE|N Er Al. 2,032,268

GrRINDING MACHINERY Filed June 26, 1929 l1 Sheets-Sheet '6 Feb. 25, 1936.- s. EINSTEIN ET AL l 2,032,268

GRINDING MACHINERY Filed June 426, 1929 11 Sheets-Sheet '7 atto: wat

Feb. 25, 1936.

S. EINSTEIN ET AL GRINDING MACHINERY Filed Jane 2e, 1929 1l Sheets-Sheet 8 f f6.5 jf

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Feb. 25, 1936.

s. EINSTEIN ET AL GRINDING ,MACHINERY Filed June 26, 1929 11 Sheets-Sheet 9 Feb. 25, 1936. s. EINSTEIN Er AL GRINDING MACHINERY Filed June 26, 1929 l1 Sheets-Sheet 10 Feb. 25, 1936. s. EINSTEIN `l-z'r Al.

GRINDING MACHINERY Filed June 26, 1929 l1 Sheets-Sheet ll Patented Feb. 25, 1936 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE GRINDING MACHINERY setts Application June 26, 1929, Serial No. 373,791

28 Claims.

This invention relates to' improvements in grinding machinery and particularly to mechanism adapted for the automatic performance of a grinding cycle.

One of the objects of the present invention is the provision of an automatic grinding machine which will automatically engage and support the Work piece, bring the work piece and grinding member into operative relation one to the other, perform the desired grinding operation, disassociate the parts and eject the finished Work piece, the latter being automatically replaced in the work supporting member by an unground Work piece.

A further object of the invention is the provision of an improved machine particularly adapted for generation of an inner cylindrical or like surface by performance of what is known as internal grinding in which the several functioningsof the machine are automatically controlled to effect continuous cyclic operation on a series of similar work pieces for the reduction of each successivework piece to the same predetermined size.

A further object of the invention is the provision of novel electrical hydraulic control mechanisms for sequentially effecting a predetermined series of relative movements of the work holder and cutting tool of a grinding or other metal working machine.

An additional object of the invention is the provision of an improved automatic internal or like grinding machine in which the relative position of the several essential elements thereof and their degrees of relative movement may be adjusted and varied as desired but in which the operative functionings thereof in any position of adjustment may be either automatically or manually effected.

An additional object of the invention is the provision of'an improved automatic machine for sequential operation on a series of work pieces which shall be automatically controlled for effecting the individual grinding cycles and additionally automatically controlled to secure accurate-duplication of grinding action on all pieces of the series.

Other objects and advantages of the present invention should be readily apparent by reference to the following specification considered in conjunction with the appended drawings forming a part thereof, and it will be understood that anyl modification in the specific structural details or combination and arrangement of parts hereinafter disclosed may be made Within the scope (Cl. 51-50) f of the appended claims without departing from or exceeding the spirit of the invention.

In the drawings there has been illustrated one embodiment of the generic principles of the present invention in which;

Figure 1 is a front elevation thereof.

Figure 2 is a top plan View.

Figure 3 is a transverse section illustrating the grinding wheel in operative engagement with the work as on the line 3 3 of Figure 1.

Figure 4 is a `longitudinal section through the Work head as on line 4 4 of Figure 2.

Figure 5 is a transverse section through the work head carriage and drive mechanism as on the line 5 5 of Figure 2.

Figure 6 is a similar transverse section through the table and bed as on line 6 6 of Figure l illustrating the work feed mechanism.

Figure 7 is a section through the automatic feed compensating mechanism on line 1 1 of Figure 6.

Figure 8 is a fragmentary vertical sectional View on the line 8 8 of Figure 6.

Figure 9 is a sectional view at right angles to Figure 8 on the line 9 9 of said figure.

Figure 10 is a view in elevation of the control box with the cover plate removed.

Figure 11 is a vertical section through said control mechanism on the ure 10.

Figure 12 is a section through the table actuating and control valve mechanism on line |2 I2 of Figure 11.

Figure 13 is a section through the coupled feed and ejector control valve mechanisms as on line l3 l3 of Figure 11.

Figure 14 is a section through one of the switch members as shown in Figure 10.

Figure 15 is a similar section through one of the resiliently actuated make and break switch members.

Figure 16 is a section through the automatic coolant control valve.

Figure 17 is a fragmentary section on line Il l'l of Figure 1 illustrating the feed arm actuator.

Figure 18 is an enlarged fragmentary view of the cam control for axial movement of the feed arm.

Figure 19 is' a fragmentary section as on line Ill-I9 of Figure 3, showing one of the spring actuated work retaining members carried by the arm.

Figure 20 is a similar section as on line 20-20 line Il ll of Figimproved machine will be best understood by' reference to Figures 1 to 4 inclusive of the drawings.

From this it will be noted` that in the embodiment here chosen for purposes of -illustration it comprises primarily a main bed 30 having ways 3| at one side and a lower set of ways 32 at the opposite side. IMounted on the ways 3| is the slide or carriage 33 bearingr a drive moto-r 34, a jack shaft 35 for transmitting power to the grinding wheel spindle 36 provided with a small diameter or internal grinding wheel 31.

This spindle is mounted on carriage-33 for rotation but held against end-wise movement. The desired slight reeiprocation for breaking up grinding lines and transversing the work is imparted to the internal grinding wheel carriage unit by a suitable hydraulicallyA actuated piston 38 movable in a cylinder 39 carried by the bed. Reversal of direction of actuation of the piston is effected as by reversing lever 40 carried on the front of the grinder control box 4|. This lever cooperates with the adjustable dogs or contacts 42 mounted'on the forward faceof the slide or carriage 33. By this construction a normal constant reciprocation of amount pre-determined by the adjustment of the dogs is continuously applied to the grinding wheel unit during actuation of the machine except at such times as lever 40 is manually shifted to an intermediate or neutral position.

Mounted on the Ways 32 is the reciprocating table 43 coupled by a piston rod 44a, Fig. 23, with piston |60 movable in cylinder |59 carried by the bed. This piston is hydraulically operated in its cylinder for moving the table toward or from the grinding Wheel unit.

The starting, stopping and reversing of the piston and thus of the table 43; is effected by suitable shifting of valve |58 shown in detail in Figure l2 operating in conjunction with certain timing and control mechanism as hereinafter described.

Movement of table 43 shifts the work supporting and controlling members carried thereby from disengaged or inoperative position, as shown in Figures '1 and 2 for example, to a position in which the grinding Wheel 31 is operatively disposed within the bore or interior of a work piece 44.

It is desirable, in initiating the grinding as well as in withdrawing the parts from grinding relation, to first have the grinding wheel disposed within the lateral bounds of the work and then subsequently feed the work as an entirety transversely of the machine into the grinding wheel for the desired stock removal, rather than for the stock removal to be effected during the axial ,movement of the 'work and wheel into inter-engaged position and thus imposing an undue 'amount of work on one edge or portion of the grinding wheel. To facilitate this manner of engagement and relative feeding of grinding wheel, the work table 43 is preferably formed with the dove-tail guide 45 for the supplemental table or cross slide 45` which carries the work holding and grinding control mechanism.

The transverse or cross feed movement required for grinding of the work piece is normally slight and, as a consequence, may be attained through the use of a suitably actuated cam 41, Fig. 6, carried by the table 43 and engaging the cam follower or roller 48; secured to the cross slide 46, said cam being rocked on its axis as will hereinafter appear in order to procure the crossfeed movement.

On the supplemental slide 46 is the swivel table 49, Figs. 2 and 5. having the worm rack 58 engageable with an adjusting screw 5|, whereby the supplemental table may be set at different angles to the ways 3| and 32 for grinding tapered or conical surfaces on the work piece. A micrometer scale, as at 52, facilitates determinationf the angle of adjustment of the swivel table. This table has the head 53 bearing clamp fingers 55, Fig. 4, to exteriorly engage and secu're in position a ring or other hollow work piece 44 to be operated upon by the grinding wheel 31. Power to rotate the work head or chuck at a slow rate of speed is applied to worm gear 51 on the spindle by worm 58, Fig. 5, on vertical shaft 59, which is journaled in the bearing bracket 53a.

The swivel table 49 is further provided with a depending annular flange concentric to the bracket 53a in which is rotatably mounted the bushing 6| having a-thrust bearing 62 backing up the bevel pinion 63 on the lower end of the shaft 59. This bushing further carries a bearing 64 for sleeve 65 splined on drive lshaft 66 and bearing a bevel pinion 61 intermeshed with pinion 53. Drive shaft 66 is primarily journaled in the bearing bracket 68 on the under side of the table 43 and is provided with the stepped pulley 69 for suitable application of driving power thereto. By this construction it will be noted that the swivel table 49 may be rotated as desired without effecting the drive to the work head spindle. At the same time, slide 46 may be given its desired back and forth movement, sleeve 60 operating in a suitable slotl in the bed and sleeve with its drive pinion 61 moving freely lengthwise of the splined portion of shaft 66. Asuitable mechanism which may be employed for retracting the slide 46 and parts carried thereby, is shown in the present instance as comprising a cylinder 10 secured or formed in table 43 and containing a piston 1| having integral therewith a stud 12 bearing against the depending flange 60. This piston is intended to be suitably, hydraulically actuated or rearwardly urged continuously to press the slide toward the rear while permitting of free rotation of the swivel table. The hydraulic pressure or volumetric urge in the cylinder 10 is of such nature as to yield and permit of forward movement of the slide under the influence of the actuating or cross feed cam 41, previously referred to, against roller 48. This roller 48 is carried by the elongated nut 13, Fig. 6, in threaded engagement with screw 14 and slidable in recess 15 of the cross slide 45.

Cam 41 is secured to or integral with sleeve 16, Fig. 8, oscillatably supported in carriage 43 by pin 11. The sleeve has a depending arm 18 furcated as at 19, Fig. 9, to engage the block swiveled on reciprocating piston 8|, intermediately movable in cylinder 82 formed in bracket 83 depending from the under side of table 43. A

suitable valve mechanism 85 controlled as by shift lever 86 coupled through linkage 81 and 88 with the solenoids 89 and 90 serves to control admission of actuating fluid to one end or the other of cylinder 82 and exhaust thereof from the opposite end and thus effect a hydro-electric control of the piston movement and consequently of the inward forcing or cross feed movement of the table 46 as a part of the automatic cycle of operations hereinafter described.

As mentioned, the forward or feeding movement effected by movement of the piston and cam is in opposition to the constant hydraulic pressure urge in cylinder 10 against piston 1| and roo 12 which gives automatic retraction or reverse movement of the supplemental table 46 and work head when cam 41 is oscillated into roller releasing position to procure retraction of the cross feed movement.

As the grinding wheelwears down during the operation on successive work pieces it is necessary to compensate for such wear so that all pieces may be ground to a standard internal diameter. This of course, may be effected manually but it is preferable that the compensation be cared for automatically. The mechanism for accomplishment of this is particularly illustrated in Figures 6, '7 and 8. -Bracket member 83 which, as above noted, is secured to the under side of the table 43 has journaled therein the vertical shaft 9| having on its upper end a bevel gear 92 meshing with a similar gear 93 rotatable in the anti-friction bearings 94 supported by -the table 43, said'gear 93 having a sleeve portion 95 splined on the rear end of screw 14 so that the screw may slide freely therethrough during reciprocating movement of cross slide 46. Shaft 9| has rotatably mounted on the lower portion thereof a disc 96 having integral therewith a spur gear 91 in permanent mesh with gear 98 on a sleeve 99 which latter has a second gear |00 meshing with a rack I0|, Fig. 8, on piston 8|. As the piston reciprocates the double gear 98 and |00 will be rotated, imparting a corresponding rotation to the disc 96 which is rotatable on a sleeve |02 splined to the lower end of shaft 9|. The disc 96 has pivoted thereto a pawl |04 urged by spring |05 into engagement with ratchet |06 on sleeve |02 tending to rotate the ratchet and thus the shaft 9| in a counter-clockwise direction as the disc rotates in this manner. The pawl rides idly over the ratchet on movement of the disc in a reverse direction.

A knock-out screw |03 serves at a given point in the rotation ofthe disc to engage the outer end of the pawl moving said pawl away from the ratchet so that shaft 9|, when the parts are in retracted position, may rotate freely as thescrew 14 is manually adjusted. As the piston 8| moves rearward urging slide forward disc 96 will be rotated in a clock-wise direction. A greater or less amount of rotation will be given the disc depending upon the distance which the piston is to travel in urging the slide 46 forward before sufficient amount of stock has been removed from the work piece. During this movement pawl |04 will be shifted away from the knock-out screw |03 and will start to ride over the teeth of ratchet |06. If but a slight movement is given to the disc the pawl will contact with the ratchet tooth and ride alongthe face thereof Without slipping` down behind one of the teeth and will consequently move back to initial position without actuation of the ratchet.

On the other hand, if the grinding wheel is worn down to an extent requiring greater movement of the piston and cam 41 to eff-ect proper infeed movement of the work head and its supporting table in the direction of the axis of the grinding wheel a correspondingly greater amount of rotation will be imparted through the double gear drive to the disc and pawl. The pawl will then drop back of a tooth on the ratchet and on return movement will rotatably shift the ratchet therewith, this rotation being transmitted through shaft 9| and gears 92 and 93 to the screw 14. The result is a rearward shifting of nut 13 and roller 48 With respect to table 4 3 at the same 1 time that the table itself is moving rearwardly under the influence of piston 1| so that the table itself does not actually move as far in a retracted direction and less oscillation of cam 41 is necessary to impart a feeding stroke to the work in the next cycle in order that the reduced diameter grinding wheel may still grind the work to proper size.v

In this manner an entirely mechanical, auto-y matically operating mechanism is provided in which the movements of the cross slide control cam and associated parts are automatically effective to take up for wheel wear so that the machine can run indefinitely without the necessity for manual adjustment and yet the desired size of work pieces is attained and the movement of the table is procured by a non-adjustable or constant throw cam member.

The performance of a cyclic grinding operation by the machine on a series of similar work pieces is dependent on automatic control of the reciprocation of the grinding wheel, the movement cf the work from loading or inoperative position to grinding position and relative feeding of the workJ and grinding wheel when in such relation to cause proper stock removal.

The cycle of these operations and the automatic control of the machine will be best understood by primary reference to Figure 22 in which the entire actuating and control system has been diagrammatically illustrated, considered in connection with the general actuation of wheel head and table above described and the several detailed views of particular .mechanisms included in the present embodiment of the machine. l In Figure 22 continuous lines have .been employed to indicate the several electrical circuits and bro-ken or dash lines, the several hydraulic lines or conduits which, being of conventional form, have not been shown as an entirety in the drawings but only the coupling and controls thereof.

Use is preferably'made of a suitable pump or uid prime mover or impeller I|0 and the system as illustrated is designed to use a fluid medium such as oil contained in tank as its motive power. ||2 designates the main pressure line: having leading therefrom branch ||3 extending to the several table ways or other portions of the machine for lubrication thereof, a return |4 being provided to tank In additien, pressure line ||5 extends to the reversing valve H6 for selective connection to lines ||1 and H8 from said valve 6 to the cylinder 39 which actuates the piston 38 for the grinding wheel slide. Valve ||6 is controlled by engagement of d-g's 42 with the valve operating lever 40 .as indicated in Figure 1 to impart a constant reciprocating movement of prescribed amplitude to the grinding Wheel as determined by the adjus'tm'ent of *be clogs 42. The electrical circuit Cil Aii)

is connected as by switch I 9, Fig. 1, with a suitable source of electrical energy, this circuit having been illustrated as comprising a pair of leads and |2|.

The automatic lcycle of operation v With the parts in the position shown in-Figure 1 of the .drawings-that is to say,with the work head retracted, the cycle of operations will occur as follows.

An initial manual depression of a work loading arm |22, Figs. 2 and 3, c-arried by rock shaft |23, will cause the spring-pressed fingers |24 and |25 thereof, Fig. 20, which are in engagement with the work piece 44 in the lower end of chute |21, as shown in Fig. 3, to carry the work piece downwardly in an arcuate path through discharge slot |28 in the chute. Spring retaining finger |29 allows the carried work piece to move outwardly through the slot, while restraining the movement of the ensuing work pieces. As arm |22 moves downward, it carries the work piece into position for engagement by the work clamping fingers 55, which have been urged in open or work receiving position by resilient actuating means |26, Fig. 4. As the work reaches approximately this position, a cam |30 on arm |22, best shown in Fig. 18, Will ride down the engaging cam surface 3|, carried by member 53, allowing the army and thus the work piece to move inwardly or to the left thereby positioning the work piece between the fingers of the rotat-l able vork receiving chuck. This movement of the arm |22 to the left is effected by spring |32.

During inward movement into operative position in the chuck, the work piece engages head |33, rotatably carried by the piston plunger rod |34, forcing the rod and its associated piston toward the left as viewed in Figures 1 and 4. At the same time, the movement of theu arm |22 to the left causes it to engage lug |36, Fig. 3, of switch |31. The circuit l38, closed by this switch, includes a solenoid |39 coupled with valve |40, which latter, in response to energization of the solenoid |39, will be shifted to the right from the position indicated in Figure 22, thereby comend of cylinder |50.

pleting the hydraulic actuating circuit to the righthand end of cylinder |4|, in which the chuck actuating piston |35 is movable.

This resultant movement of the piston |35 to the right forces the frusto-conical or wedgeshaped portion of head |33 into locking engagement with the inwardly extending fingers |46 of the work clamps 55, securely clamping the work piece to be operated upon in position within its rotary chuck. Ofacourser it is to be understood that the particular clamp mechanism illustratecl is of purely conventional Vform and any desired-work supporting and rotating member may be utilized in this position, with its clamping effect controlled by movement of 4plunger |34. As the piston |35 and rod |34 are urged to the left in response to fluid under pressure, the lug |42 on the rod |34 will engage and close a switch |43 in the electrical control circuit |44. Electrical control circuit |44 includes solenoid |41, Fig. 22, for shifting valve |48 to the left, completing hydraulic This shifts piston |5| to the right, as diagrammatically shown in Figure 22 and as shown in section in Figure 1'7. Piston |5| has a rack portion |53, meshing with pinion |54 on the rock shaft |23 on which the work loading arm |22 is mounted, so that as the piston is shifted, as indicated, shaft |23 will be pressure circuit |49 to the lefthand given a counter-clockwise movement and the arm will be swung upward into the position indicated in Figure 3. This upward movement causes arm |22 to contact with switch |55 of control circuit |56, including the solenoid |51, which is thereupon energized to procure movement of the work head to bring the wheel and work into operative relation.

Energizing of solenoid |51, in response to movement of the arm |22, shifts valve |58 to the right, as viewed in Figure 22, coupling pressure line |2 with the left hand end of the cylinder |59, which is carried by the bed 30 of the machine, thereby urging the piston |60 therein to the right, and, since the piston is coupled by piston rod 44a with the vtable 43, procuresA movement of said table toward the right, Figure 1, to shift the work head and work carried thereby into operative position in which the work piece is in telescoping -relation with the grinding wheel 31. The work head may either be continuously rotated or may be stopped when in retracted position. The interruption of work head drive to bring the work head to rest for replacing of a finished work piece by an unground work piece is preferably effected by control switch |6| Fig. 1, which is opened by engagement therewith of the table 43 when the latter is retracted to inoperative position and which is automatically closed to start rotation of the work as the table moves to the right to operative position. Said switch operates va suitable clutch, not shown, for connecting and disconnecting the power supply to the chuck spindle. Movable with the table is dog |62, engageable with trip |63 coupled by link |64 with arm |65, Fig. .11, on rock shaft |66. As the table reaches its right limit of movement, it shifts arm |65 and thus the shaft |66. Referring now to Fig. 11, this shaft has a depending rock arm |61, formed with an enlarged aperture at |68 to span spindle |69 of the manual operating lever |10. The spindle |69 is coupled by arm |1| with pin |12 carried'by the rock arm |61, for manual shifting of the latter, independently of its dog control. Rocking of shaft |66 in a clockwise direction, whether manually or automatically effected, moves cross arm |13, Fig. 10, integral with arm |61, in an arcuate path, the right-hand end thereof, as viewed in Figure -10, serving to tilt switch member |14 to depress switch plunger |15, see Fig. 14, closing the circuit through switch located at |16. This energizes electric control circuit |11, includingsolenoid 89, which in turn shifts valve 85, coupling hydraulic power circuit 2 with the right end of cylinder 82 toshift piston 8| to the left. Movement of this piston, as hereinbefore described, through the medium of cam 41, causes a radial or cross feeding of the rotating work piece in the direction of the oscillating grinding wheel vfor proper stock removal from the inner face thereof in the manner illustrated in Figure 3. At the same time, the mechanical connection of the shaft |66 through pin |12 to arm |80 oscillates. rock shaft |8| to which the arm |80 is secured, and also oscillates-the valve shifter arm |82, Fig. 11, thereby positively moving valve |58 .to a neutral position, discontinuing the longitudinal movement of the work supporting table 43 toward the grinding wheel. The bed 30 is4 preferably additionally provided with a bracket |83 having a positive stop |84 thereon, Fig. 6, engageable with the dog |62 of the table definitely to limit the longitudinal movement of the work supporting table 43 in the direction of the grindingmedium.

The movement of piston .8| to rotate cam 41, thereby procuring the cross feed movement, will be continued until the work piece has been ground the prescribed amount. The mechanism illustrated for adjustably determining the amount of grinding in order that successive work pieces may be reduced to prescribed diameter, irrespective of wear on the grinding wheel, is particularly illustrated in connection with Figure 3 and comprises a casing |85, within which and the table 43 is journaled the supporting spindle |86 bearing the guide |81 for the adjustable sizing head device |88. This device includes a depending piv. oted arm |89, having at its lower end a .contact |98 normally disposed immediately adjacent the work piece for engagement by the grinding wheel during its reciprocating movement. The contact point |90 is set in definite relation tothe axis of rotation of the work piece and moves with said work piece and its supporting table in the direction of the grinding wheel. As the grinding progresses, the wheel grinds deeper and deeper into the work as a result of the cross feed movement, until the periphery of said wheel engages contact |90, producing an oscillation of lever |89. This lever is in the control circuit |9| of the machine, the circuit being completed through contact |92 on oscillation of the lever and being temporarily held in closed position as by the electric magnet |93 in series therewith. Completion of the control circuit |9|; which occurs when the work piece is completely ground to the desired size, energizes solenoid 90, reversing valve 85 to admit iiuid under pressure to the opposite side of the piston 8|, causing its reversal of movement in the opposite direction. By this reversal of the movement of the piston 8|, cross feed slide 46 is forced into retracted position, by the effect of the constant return pressure in cylinder 18, to withdraw the work piece radially from the grinding wheel. Branching from circuit |9| is a second circuit |96, also completed through the sizing device mechanism including lever |89. This circuit actuates solenoid |91 simultaneously with the solenoid 98 to reverse valve |58, so that, as the work is radially retracted or moved back with respect to the grinding wheel, as above stated, the entire work table is retracted to procure axial separationof the grinding wheel and work piece. This movement continues until dog |98 on the table 43 engages trip |63, rocking said trip and thus the table control valve |58 in a reverse direction to shift this valve to neutral. This oscillation of the trip |63 also operates switch |99, Fig. 10, of electrical circuit 200, including solenoid 20|, which reverses valve |40, reversing the iiow of actuating fluid to cylinder |4l, moving piston L35 and rod |34 to the right.

This movement first causes clamp head |33 to release locking retention of the clamped ngers 55, so that the work is loosely held thereby, and continued movement of the rod positively ejects the completed work piece, which may then be discharged as through trough 282. As the work piece is ejected, lug |42 on rod |34 operates to close switch 283 of control circuit 204, energizing solenoid 205 to shift valve |48, thereby actuating piston I| to oscillate the feed arm |22, as initially described, carrying down an unground Work piece into alignment with and into the work head, when the clamping, grinding and ejection will again be repeated in properly related sequence. It will be noted that the actual actuationvof valve 48 is effected by linkage 286 and 281, Fig; 10, coupling the solenoids |41 and 285 with arm 208 on shaft 2|3 connected by shifter fork 2|0 with the valve |48 (see Figures 10, 11 and 13). Shaft 2| 3 is further provided with an extension 2|2 adapted, when the shaft is oscillated, to kick over arm 2|| on control sleeve 209 for the chuck actuating valve |40, shifting this valve to a neutral position so that the chuck actuating rod |34 may yield on pressure of the work thereagainst'and will move back from ejecting position to allow the work to be properly seated within the clamp head under the influence of spring |32. Itwill be noted that the connection between the extension 2|2 and arm 2|| has a lost motion so that there is no interference between the subsequent continued movement of valve |48 from the neutral position to a position for admitting fluid under pressure into the righthand end'of'cylinder |4|, for positively securing the work piece in position for grinding.

Mention has been made of the fact that the sizing device overlies the work in position for engagement with the operative face of thegrinding wheel. To facilitate automatic movement of the sizing device out of said relation for ejection of a completed work piece and insertion of a fresh one, the support |86 is preferably providedy with a pinion 2 I4, Fig. 3, meshing with a slidable rack bar 2|5 adapted to contact with the adjustablev stop 2|6, Fig. 2, as the table is retracted. This stop will then impart movement to the rack bar, oscillating support |86'and the sizing'device out of alignment with the work piece. Suitable means, such as spring 2|1, serves to urge the sizing device into operative position as the work table is moved inward, and interlocking abutments j2 |8 and 2|9 on the support |86 and casing |85 respectively serve to limit the oscillatory movement of the sizing fixture in the direction of the work head.

Further controlling complete automatic operation of the machine, the coolant line 220 is preferably provided with a spring closed valve 22| having a projecting stem 222 engageable by abutment 223 on the table, so that, as the table advances the work to grinding position, this abutment will automatically open the valve for supply of coolant atV the grinding position, while onretraction of the parts, the ilow of coolant will be automatically shut oi.

' Particular attention is invited to the fact that the various control valves for the' machine are preferably located in a general control box unit 224 disposed on the front of the bed and extending thereinto, the actuating members or rock shafts |8| and 289 being nested, one within the other, whereby the one serves as a support for the other, and the several control solenoids provide a juxtaposition grouping of the electric control mechanism as an entirety.

Particular attention is also invited to the structure of the control switch devices |18, |99 and |55, the first two respectively operated by opposite oscillations of arm |13 and the third device by arm |22. One of these is shown in detail in Figure 14 and it will be noted comprises the oscillatable actuating member |14 freely riding away from the switch and depressing stabilizing plunger 225 as the arm moves in one direction while operative to depress the switch plunger and temporarily close the actuating circuit as it moves past the lug 226 in the reverse direction.

From the foregoing description,v considered in connection with the drawings, the construction has been provided a mechanism in which the highspeed grinding wheel is given a constant reciprocation in its operating position and, due to absence of other movements, is supported withmaximum rigidity. Additionally, it will be noted that the work holding mechanism has been illustrated as mounted both for movement into operative position or with its work holding portion telescoping with the grinding wheel, both of prescribed amplitude of reciprocation and in which the work supporting unit is also given'a radial or cross feeding movement as respects the grinding wheel for proper presentation of the work to the operative surface of the wheel. It is to be understood, however, that while this is illustrated as the preferred embodiment in the present instance, and an automatic mechanism has been shown for accomplishing this feeding, that a corresponding mechanism might be utilized for imparting the radial or feeding movement, to the grinding wheel in place of the Work supporting unit, with the adoption of control mechanism for the complete cycle such as hereinbefore described, without exceeding the purview of the broad expression of the present invention.

It will further be noted that there has been provided a completely automatic mechanism, in which the entire attention of the operator may be devoted to supplying work pieces to the suitable feed or hopper mechanism and in which the work pieces are successively transferred from the hopper mechanism to the work supporting unit, shown as a chuck. The work piece is then brought in overlying relation to the grinding wheel, and relative feed imparted to the parts until a prescribed amount of grinding has been performed, which grinding action is automatically measured and determined. After the work piece has been reduced the prescribed amount, the mechanism automatically releases the cycle of operation to cause a relative axial and radial separation of work piece and grinding member, after which the completed work piece is automatically ejected or discharged and a new work piece substituted.

Attention is furtherinvited to the fact that in the present improved automatic mechanism, the preferred embodiment of thecycle controls of operation has been shown as comprising a series of hydraulically actuated pistons for axially effecting the several power movements combined with mechano-electric control mechanism for regulating the effective position of the various valve hydraulic units. It is again to be understood, however, that so far as the broad invention and general cycle of operation is concerned, the movements could be effected by screw feed or other convenient devices combined with either electrical controls, mechanical clutches or the like, for successively determining the actuation 'of the parts so long as the prescribed cycle of operations is attained.

We claim:

1. A grinding machine` comprising a bed, a grinding wheel supported thereby for interior engagement with a work piece, means for rotatably supporting a work piece, means for axially advancing the work piece in the direction of the grinding wheel and means for transversely feeding the work piece in opposition to the operative surface of the grinding wheel, a sizing determinator` for engagement with the operative surface ofthe wheel. and means controlled by ,the size determlnator for laterally and axially xs'lithdrawL ing the work when the same has been ground to predetermined size.

2. A grinding machine comprising a bed, a grinding wheel supported thereby for interior engagement with a work piece, means for rotatably supporting a work piece, means for axially-advancing the work piece in the direction of the grinding wheel and means for transversely feeding the work piece in opposition to the operative surface of the grinding wheel, a sizing determinator for engagement with the surface of the wheel,

means controlled by the size determinator for laterally and axially withdrawing the work when the same has been ground to predetermined size,

and means actuated by withdrawal of the work A gagement with the grinding wheel, a grinding determinator for engagement with the surface of the grindingwheel, means controlled by movement of the determinator for reversing the feeding movement of the unit, and additional mechanism rendered operative by said reversal for retracting the unit with respect to the grinding wheel. Y

4. A grinding machine including a bed, a grinding wheel slidably supported by the bed, means for imparting a constant reciprocation of prescribed amplitude to the grinding wheel as respects the bed, a work holder unit supported by the bed having a work holding portion movable into and out of alignment with the path of reciprocation of the grinding wheel,- means for 'shifting the work holding unit on the bed into and out of said operative relation with the grinding wheel, means for automatically imparting a transverse feeding movement to the work holding unit when in alignment with the grinding wheel to shift a work piece into operative engagement with said wheel, a gaging member engageable with the grinding wheel fordetermining its operative relation to the work, means controlled by the gaging member for reversing the feed when the article has been ground to a prescribed size, and means effective on said reversal of movement for removing the work piece from the work holder.

5. A machine for grinding the interior of hollow Work pieces comprising a bed, a grinding wheel carried by the b ed, a work holder unit movably mounted on the bed, means for shifting the work holder unit in an axial direction as respects the grinding wheel for presentation of a work piece in operative relation thereto, dog control means for limiting said movement of the work controlling unit, means operative on limitation of said movement of the work holding unit for initiating a relative feeding of the work and the grinding wheel, a gaging member in predetermined relation to the work holding unit for determining the grinding action on the work piece, means actuated by said gage for reversing the feed when the prescribed grinding has been performed, means actuated by said reversal for moving the work holding unit axially away from Cil the grinding wheel, an ejector, means for operating the ejector upon said withdrawal and automatic means for effecting reverse shifting of the work holding unit into operative relation with the grinding wheel.

6. In a machine of the character described, the combination with a bed, of a grinding wheel supported thereby, al work supporting u'nit carried by the bed, means for imparting relative movement to` said members on the bed in a direction axially of the grinding wheel, mechanically operable means for limiting the relative approach and retraction of the parts, electrically controlled mechanisms for imparting a relative feeding and retraction to the parts in a direction radially of the grinding Wheel when the parts are in their proximate position, and additional electrically controlled means for ejecting a work piece when the parts are in their relatively retracted position.

7. In a machine of the character described the combination with a bed, of a grinding wheel sup- I ported thereby, a Work supporting unit mounted on the bed including a traversing table and a carriage movable on the table at right angles to the. traverse thereof for feeding purposes, a control cylinder and hydraulically actuable piston for imparting traversing movement to the table, a second control cylinder and hydraulically actuated piston for effecting cross feed of the carriage, control valves for said cylinders, solenoid members for shifting the valves to various effective positions, control circuits coupled with the solenoids, means for successively completing said control circuits to actuate the valves in predetermined sequence, an ejector member for removal of a finished work piece, a control cylinder and hydraulically actuated piston for effecting desired movements of the ejector, a control valve for said cylinder, electric circuits including solenoids foreffecting Jselected movements of the valve, and inter-related means for completing said circuits in predetermined relation to the completion of the unit shifting circuits to eject ,a completed work piece at a desired period in relation to the movement of the table and carriage.

8. A grinding machine of the character described, including a bed or support, a first slide mounted thereon for reciprocation relative thereto, a grinding wheel mounted thereon, means including a reversible hydraulic motor for effecting -reciprocations of the slide on the bed, a second slide movable on the bed in adirection parallel to that of the first slide, hydraulic means for effect-ing movement of said slide, a work support mounted on said second slideior movement there- With and relative thereto in a direction transverse to the direction of movement of the slide, and control means for alternatively effecting the movement of the second slide and of the Work support with respect to its slide.

9. A grinding machine of the character described, including a bed or support, a rst slidev mounted thereon for reciprocation relative thereto, a grinding wheel mounted thereon, meansvincluding a reversible hydraulic motor for effecting reciproca'tions of the slide on the bed, a second slide movable on the bed in a direction parallel to that of the first slide, hydraulic means for 'eifecting movement of said slide, a work support mounted on said second slide for movement therewith and relative thereto in a direction transverse to the direction of movement of the slide, control means for alternatively effecting the movement of the second slide and of the Work support with respect to its slide, and means for automatically actuating the controlmeans in predetermined sequence.

10. An internal grinding machine including a bed or support, a rst slide mounted for reciprocation on the bed, a grinding wheel on said slide, hydraulic means for effecting indicidual slide including power operated reversing means, ya work support, slides intervening the work support and b'ed` and operable to shift a work piece in the support into position for engagement by the grinding wheel and in a transverse direction for effecting a feeding movement of the work with respect to the grinding Wheel, independent hydraulically actuated means for effecting said positioning and feeding movements of the work support, and control means for simultaneously discontinuing movement of the work support in one direction and initiating its movement in an angularly related direction.

l1. 'An internal grinding machine including a bed or support, a rst slide mounted for reciproverse dir-ection for effecting a feeding movement of the work with respect to the grinding wheel, independent hydraulically actuated means for eiecting said positioning and feeding vmovements of the work support, control means for simultaneously discontinuing movement of the Work support in onerdi'rection and initiating its movement in an angularly related direction for effecting desired stock removal from the work, and means for simultaneously effecting a radial and axial retracting movement of the work at the completion of the grinding'operation.

12. A grinding machine of the character described, including a bed or support, a first slide mounted thereon for reciprocation relative thereto, means including a reversible hydraulic motor for effecting reciprocationsV of the slide on the bed, a second slide movable on the bed in a direction parallel to that of the first slide, hydraulic means for effecting movement of said slide, a work support mounted on said second slide for movement therewith and relative thereto in a direction transverse to the direction of movement of the slide, control means for alternatively effecting the movement of the second slide and of the work support with respect to its slide, means for automatically actuating the control means in predeterminedsequence, a work feeding member for supplying a work piece to the work support in grinding position, and means for actuating the feeding device prior to movement of the work support into grinding position.

1 3. A grinding machine of the character described, includinga bed or support, a rst slide mounted thereon. for reciprocation relative there- "to, means including a reversible hydraulic motor for effecting reciprocations of the slide on.

the bed, a second slide movable on the bed in a direction parallel to that of the rst slide, hydraulic means for effecting movement of said slide, a work support mounted on said second .l

-slide and ofthe work support with respect to its slide, means for automatically actuating the control means in predetermined sequence, a work feeding member forv supplying a work piece to the work supportin grinding position, means for actuating the feeding device prior to movement of the work support into grinding position, and means for discharging a completed work piece when the work support is shifted into nongrinding position.

14. In a machine of the character described, the combination with a grinding Wheel and means for supporting a work piece in opposition thereto, of an hydraulic control mechanism for determining the effective position of the work support including an hydraulic member exerting a continuous urge of the work support into retracted position and an independent hydraulic mechanism for imparting a prescribed positive feeding movement to the work support in the direction of the grinding wheel and in opposition to the urge of the first hydraulically actuated work support shifting member.

15. In a machine of the character described, the combination with a grinding wheel and means for supporting a work piece in opposition thereto, of an hydraulic control mechanism for determining the effective position of the work support including an hydraulic member exerting a continuous urge of the work support into retracted position, an independent hydraulic mechanism for imparting a prescribed positive feeding movement tothe work support in the direction of the grinding wheel and in opposition to the urge of the first hydraulically actuated work support shifting member, and power operated means for rendering the hydraulic feed mechanism effective.

16. In a machine of the character described, the combination with a grinding wheel and means for supporting a work piece in opposition thereto, of an hydraulic control mechanism for determining the effective position of the work support including an hydraulic member exerting a I continuous urge of the work support into retracted position, an independenthydraulic mechanism for imparting a prescribed positive feeding movement to the work support in the direction of the grinding Wheel and in opposition to the urge of the first hydraulically actuated work support shifting member, power operated means for rendering the hydraulic feed mechanism effective, and additional control mechanism including a work size determinator effective to reverse the characteristic of the action of said feed effecting means.

17. An internal grinder including a bed,A a grinding wheel supported thereon, a work support movable in a direction parallel with the axis of rotation of the grinding wheel for piesentation of work to, and retraction thereof from, grinding position, a size determinator movable with the work support and movable relative to the work support into and out of overlying relation to a work piece in operative position therein, means for automatically ejecting a work piece on retraction of the work support, and additional means for automatically shifting the size determinator out of overlying relation to the work prior to the work piece ejection.

18. A grinding machine of the nature described, including a grinding wheel and work supporting mechanism for presentation of the work to the grinding' wheel, including a pair of slides movable in angularly related directions and respectively operable for presentation of work in the zone of operations of the grinding wheel and for effecting a feeding moveinent of the work as respects the grinding wheel, hydraulic means for effecting indivdual slide movements, a remote master control unit including valve mechanism for determining the hydraulic actuation of the individual slides, electromechanical control mechanism in the master unit for selectively shifting the valve mechanisms todetermine the actuation of the slides, hydraulically actuable work clamping mechanism carried by the slides, and additional valve mechansm in the master control unit for determining the action of the work clamping and releasing mechanism. f

19. In a machine of the nature described, the combination with a bed of a work support mechanism including a vfirst slide movable on the bed and a second slide mounted on the first for movement therewith and relative thereto, independent hydraulically actuable mechanisms for effecting the movement of each of the slides, individual control valves for thev mechanisms, a trip operable valve shifter actuable by the first slide for discontinuing movement thereof, andfmeans operated by said trip mechanism on movement in one direction for shifting the control valve of the other slide to initiate movement of said latter slide. l

20. In a machine of the nature described, the combination with a bed of a work support mechanism including a first slide movable on the bed and a second slide mounted on the first for movement therewith and relative thereto, independent hydraulically actuable mechanisms for effecting the movement of each of the slides, individual control valves for the mechanisms, a trip operable valve shifter actuable by the rst slide for discontinuing movement thereof, means operated by said trip mechanism on movement in one direction for shifting the control valve of the other slide to initiate movement of said latter slide, a work feeding mechanism for supplying work pieces in operative position on the work support, and means actuated by movement of the trip mechanism in the opposite direction for initiating actuation of the work feed mechanism.

21. In .a machine of the character described, the combination with a bed of a work support slide mounted thereon for movement relative thereto, hydraulic means for effecting translation of the slide on the `table including a reversing valve, 4control means including a trip operable member for actuating the valve to interrupt the hydraulic urge of the slide, a stop member carried by the machine adjacent said control means, and dog mechanism on the slide positioned sequentially to engage said control means and the stop, to discontinue the urge of the slide and positively limit the movement thereof.

22. An internal grinding machine including a bed, an internal grinding wheel spindle and a work support mounted on the bed in axially opposed position, means for effecting a translation of one of said parts in a directiontoward and from the other to project the grinding wheel spindle within the work support for operation on a work piece held thereby, hydraulic operating means including a piston and cylinder for effecting relative radial feeding movement of the parts when in grinding relation, and control means for simultaneously discontinuing the relative axial movement of the parts and initiating operation of the hydrauic feed mechanism for effecting a grinding of the work piece.

23. An internal grinding machine including a bed, a grinding wheel mounted thereon, hydraulic means for imparting a constant limited reciprocation to the grinding wheel on the bed, mechanical means for controlling said reciprocation, a

workholding unit movable longitudinally of the means for varying the position of said supporting means relative to the unit to vary the presentation of the work to the grinding wheel for a given movement of the unit.

24. A grinding machine comprising a base, a

- grinding member, a work-supporting member,

means for procuring an advance of said members toward veach other to position the grinding member within a workpiece in the work-supporting member, means for procuring a crossieed movement between the members, a gage having a feeler engageable with the operative surface of the grinding member, and means controlled by grinding member, a work-supporting member,

means for procuring an advance of said members toward each other to position the grinding member within a workpiece in the work-supporting member, means for procuring a crossfeed movement between the members, a gage havinga feeler engageable with the operative surface of the grinding member, means controlled bysaid gage for procuring a retraction oi' the crossi'eed movement and an axial withdrawal oi. the grinding member from within the bore of the workpiece, and automatically actuated means for ejecting the workpiece from the work-supporting member. A

26. A grinding machine comprising a base, a grinding member, a work-supporting member, means for procuring an advance of said members toward eachother to position the grinding member within a workpiece in the work-supporting member, means for procuring a crossfeed movel ment between the members, a gage having a teeler engageable with the operative surface of the grinding member, means controlled by said gage for procuring a retraction of the crossteed movement and an axial withdrawal of the grinding member from within the bore of the workpiece, and means responsive to the relative withdrawal of the grinding member from within the bore of the workpiece for procuring a discharge o! the workpiece from within the work-supporting member.

- 27. In an internal grinding machine the combination with a bed, of a grinding wheel carried thereby, a work-supporting unit on the bed, acy tuating means for shifting the unit on the bed in a directionaxially of the grinding wheel, mechanical means operable by movement of the unit in said direction for discontinuing said movement, means for eecting a feeding movement of the unitand grinding wheel one with respect tothe other for grinding of a workpiece and a subsequent withdrawal of the unit, an ejector for removing a workpiece from operative position within the vunit and means actuable on movement ofthe ejector for initiating movement of the unit toward; the grinding wheel.

28. A grinding machine of the character described including a bed, a grinding wheel supported by the bed, a work-supporting unit mounted for relative movement onthe bed in axial and radial direction, means for imparting said movements, and cyclic control mechanism for the several movements including mechanical means for checking the axial movement of the unit in the direction of the grinding wheel, an electric control actuable bysaid mechanical means for initiating relative radial or feeding movement of the work unit and grinding wheel, additional electrical means. for reversing the feeding movement and initiating an axial retraction oi' the unit, mechanical means for limiting said axial retraction, an ejector, electrical control means operable by said mechanical limiting means for effecting actuation of the ejector, and

electrical 'controls actuable by movement of the ejector for reversing the direction of movement of the ejector and initiating movement of. the

.iWork-supporting unit in the direction o! the grinding wheel. y

' SQL EINSTEIN.

CLEMENT BOOTH'.

FREDERICK S. HMB. 

